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CNM RESEARCH JOURNAL

Volume no. 15 | DECEMBER 2025
Issue no. 15


Title
THE RISK FACTORS OF PRESSURE INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH CO-MORBIDITIES IN SELECTED HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS IN BATANGAS PROVINCE
Author
Bagon, Alyssa Nicole, Joseph, Aleah C., Lumague, Jan Nichole T., Malicat, Pamela Mae S., Maranan, Ara Grace B., Pagsuyoin, Keizza Caitlin G.
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Abstract
Pressure injuries represent a significant healthcare challenge, particularly among patients with co-morbidities, leading to prolonged hospital stays, increased morbidity, and diminished quality of life. This study aimed to assess the risk factors of pressure injuries in patients with co-morbidities in selected healthcare institutions in Batangas Province. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational research design, data were collected from 50 staff nurses across three hospitals using a validated survey questionnaire. The findings identified key risk factors, including impaired sensory perception, excessive moisture, limited activity and mobility, poor nutrition, and exposure to friction and shear. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between certain nurse demographics—specifically length of experience, educational attainment, area of assignment, and participation in training and seminars—and the management of specific risk factors such as activity and nutrition. However, no significant relationships were found with the nurses’ age or sex. The study concludes that a multifaceted approach, grounded in theories like Orem’s Self-Care Deficit and the Braden Scale framework, is essential for effective pressure injury prevention. An action plan incorporating standardized risk assessment using the Braden Scale, continuous education, and tailored nursing interventions is recommended to enhance preventive strategies and improve patient outcomes in local healthcare settings.
Keywords
Pressure Injury, Risk Factors, Co-morbidities, Staff Nurses, Sensory Perception, Moisture, Activity, Mobility, Nutrition, Friction and Shear, Braden Scale.
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